Saffron -- Crocus sativus
Horticulturists have little doubt concerning the plant mentioned in Song of Solomon 4:14. We still harvest the stigmas (sticky surface of reproductive organ which receives pollen) of this plant to use as a seasoning and in dyeing. It is expensive because 4000 stigmas must be harvested by hand to make one ounce of saffron.
Cultivation
Crocus need dry winter to thrive and multiply. It is hardy down to -40°F.
Bible References
Song of Solomon 4:14: Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices:.
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